Leadership and Entrepreneur Essay

Leadership and entrepreneurship vex fabricate more than habitual recently so that more researchers pretend been studied virtually these subjects and tried to find come out their definitions and temper (Northouse, 2007 Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007 and Deakins and Freel, 2009). It gage non be denied that in that location argon a huge amount of people having lead and entrepreneurship char meeteristic. In rear to arrest a look closer or so the lead and entrepreneurship, the occasion pull up stakes take the case of Conrad Hilton as an ex axerophtholle to evaluate.However, before doing that, virtually signifi fagt attractions and entrepreneurship theories such as definitions and characteristics of antithetic feeleres will be reviewed critically. This essay will be divided into three parts. It will get under ones skin with theories of leading and then focus on entrepreneurship and the last part will combine the theories with term of actual life by judging the c haracteristics of Conrad Hilton round his leaders and entrepreneurship characteristics. The first part aims to review leadership theories critically. It includes definitions, distinctive approaches and var. of work outs that impact on leadership.There argon a number of different definitions astir(predicate)(predicate) leadership pull in been published (Stogdill, 1974). According to Northouse (2007), they are divided into six types such as focus of congregation dish out, somebodyality perspective, act or behavior, power relationship, transformational process and skills perspective. However, Northouse (2007) states that there are four components such as leadership is a process leadership involves mildew leadership occurs in a root word context and leadership involves goal learning play a role as foundation for all of types. found on this foundation, the widely accepted definition close leadership can be define as follow a process whereby an unmarried influences a group of individuals to achieve a jet goal (Northouse, 2007, p. 3) and this is besides the suitable one related to discussion in this essay. From this definition, it can be seen that leadership is an interaction behavior between leaders and following as well as this the definition as well designates the important of the factor influence. It is clear that without this factor, leadership will non exist.However, this factor does not moreoer stand for the power of leader with followers but withal followers with leader because this is dickens- vogue relationship. In addition, the second factor should be considered is group. Whatever the size and type of group such as a community, an organization or a tenuous group, leadership can provided occur in context of group. Although apiece person in each group can have different individual decision, they still have the same goal and they influence each some other to achieve that common goal. Obviously, common goal is one part of leadership .Last but not least, this definition of leadership considered attendance of goals. This kernel leadership has to guide the group achieve the goals. As can be seen from this definition, leadership can be any member in the group, it is not a particular person. This sum in the process going to achieve common goals of the group, anyone can be a leader and has influence on others. According to Northouse (2007) the leader of a group has fiver key propertys such as sociability, intelligence, self- confident, determination and integrity.Those five key traits have been utilized in order to nurse employees leadership skills. The following issue of leadership theory is leaderships nature. As the same bunk with leadership definition, its nature in addition has a several(prenominal) intellections. Authors such as Jago (1982), Bass (1990), Burns (1978), Heller and Van Til (1983), Hollander (1992) considered leadership as a process, charm author such as Bryman (1992) defined it as traits. Among those authors, some of them approached leadership as a prominent situation whereas others viewed it as an designate one.As a standpoint of Bryman (1992) seeing leadership as traits, considered leadership as ones property and different people will have different level of leadership (Northouse, 2007). As the result, following this view, leader can be seen as born-talented and it seems could not be learnt. This view will make people unconfident and do not have motivation to develop their leadership skills. The second concern near the nature of leadership is the distinction between the view of assign and the view of sudden in leadership. With the view assigned, leadership is understood as the one in a position of a formal organization.For instance, course leader or dean of a department. However, it can be seen that in some cases, assigned leadership is not the real leader of the group. In contrary view, leader can be anyone who can influence people in a group whenever he has an occupying position or not. It is emergent leadership and there are two points of view about the emergent leadership. On the one hand, some authors state that personal traits will make the point. That means the person who has brilliant brain, confident and dominant performance will buzz off a emergent leader (Smith and Foti, 1998).On the other hand, other researchers point out that the emergent leader is the person who is sociable and alship canal seeking others opinion (Fisher,1974) Finally, thinking about two concepts of leadership and management, comparing some aspects of two of them, people will confuse whether it is different or not because they have many common things. For example, human and their relationship will be the internality of both concepts. In addition, achieving one or more common goals is the purpose of the two concepts. Moreover, two concepts involve process.In brief, many fits of management are also mentioned when envisaged about leadership. However, the n ature of the two concepts can prove that they are two different concepts. Kotter (1990) cited in Northouse (2007,) shows that the order and consistency of organizations is the ancient function that provide by management while change and movement of organizations is the primary function of leadership. This means management seems to be more ordered and stable, whereas leadership is about looking at for adaptive and constructive change.The second part is about entrepreneurship. The same situation with leadership, entrepreneurship also has a huge amount of definitions and descriptions that over the decades, authors such as Bowen and Hisrich, 1996 Morrison, 2000 Deakins and Freel, 2006 try to clarify (Kuratko and hodgetts, 2007). For instance, Schumpeter (1951) indicates that entrepreneurship is one of aspects of leadership in the wide context. Meanwhile Shapero (1975) states that entrepreneurship is a type of behavior such as risk taker, innovator and visionary.However, the most used definition by many authors when talking about entrepreneurship is the process of creating something spic-and-span with value by devoting the indispensable time and effort assuming the accompanying financial, psychic, and social risk and uncertainties, and receiving the resulting rewards of monetary and personal satisfaction. This definition was written in the text disc of Baron and Shane (2008), Hisrich et al. (2010) and Kuratko and Hodgetts (2007) Seeing inside entrepreneurship, it is easily to discover that there are some different theories written about its nature over decades (Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007).In order to evaluate, the two approaches will be used are condition of imagination approach and process approach. On the one hand, the first approach called school of thought divided entrepreneurship into six different activities such as environment, financial, traits, venture opportunity, strategic ordertion. This essay will look into each occupation in order to have a clear concept about its nature. First of all, Van de Ven (1993) state that environment school of thought viewpoint is external elements could affect entrepreneur.For example, the social group or socio-political that the entrepreneurs join in can influence them not provided in positive way but also in negative way. Secondly, when raise the idea about financial school of thought, Brophu and Shulman (2002) indicated that entrepreneurship present based on capital-seeking process. This can be understand because This school of thought views the entire entrepreneurial venture from a financial management standpoint (Brophy and Shulman, 2002 cited in Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007, p. 38). This view expresses that financial internal for a development of entrepreneur.Thirdly, traits in entrepreneur are the school of thought that has been researched the most (Shaver and Scott, 2004). This view considered that the success of entrepreneurs come from the characteristic such as achievement, creativi ty, determination and technical knowledge (Shaver and Scott, 2004). In this school of thought, it can be found the two opposite point. Aronsson (2004) believes in the element of entrepreneurship such as creative and challenging. In this view, he seems to be except education factor in entrepreneur development.Contrasting this point, Katz (2004) states that entrepreneur can be do by education. The positive of this point is that it will motivate people in learning to become entrepreneur based on the education and formulation program. This is very important to enhance entrepreneurship (Katz, 2004 cited in Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007). Venture opportunity is other school of thought and it concentrates on the opportunity aspect of venture development. It means if someone want to be a successful entrepreneur, he/she moldiness has the awareness of securities industry and be creativity (Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007).Last but not least, some researchers have been focused on strategic formula tion (Steiner, 1979 Lyles, 2001 Hitt et al. , 2001). In this school of thought, the successful development of entrepreneur cannot be absent of the cookery process and this must be uniqueness (Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007). On the other hand, Morris et al. (1994) indicate that process approach also has some point of view such as integrative, assessment and multidimensional. While there are different approaches and it looking in to different aspect of ntrepreneurship, Kuratko and Hodgetts (2007) wrote that the common aim of those approach is to make the entrepreneurial process as a consolidation of diverse factors (p43) In order to have a comprehensive context about entrepreneurship to adjudge the selected person, some other theories will be added besides the two approaches ways discussed to a higher place. For instance, entrepreneur is defined as whom alert to meshable opportunities for exchange (Kirzner cited in Deakins and Freel, 2009) whereas Schumpeter (2009) viewed it as an i nnovator.The view of Kirzner make everybody can be an entrepreneur while Schumpeter think that only person who has redundant ability can be entrepreneur (Deakins and Freel, 2009). Looking into two viewpoint above, it is easily see that Kirzners view is better because people can have motivation to become entrepreneur. There are also having a lot of conceptualized of entrepreneur of other authors such as Stokes and Wilson, Drucker. However, the most common entrepreneur approach is the trait approach.The trait approach indicate that there are five popular personality of entrepreneur need for achievement, need for autonomy, self-belief, risk-taking and locus of control (McClelland 1961 Getz, Morrison & Carlsen 2004 Wu 1989 Stokes and Wilson 2006 Drucker 1995 Brockhaus & Horwitz 1986 ). Based on those theories, the author will apply on Conrad Hilton. The essays author notices that although Conrad Hilton has both skills and traits in terms of leadership and entrepreneurship, it is easily seeing that his entrepreneurship skills seem to outweigh his leadership ones (Baird, 2004).In fact, no one can deny Hiltons entrepreneurship abilities because of clearly evidences. This is illustrated in Bairds research that he tends to do his argumentation in different ways with very good vision and high level of self-believe. Baird (2004) indicates that in fifties when a platoon of hotels in Washington, unfermented York and Chicago could not get the profit and led to loss, Hilton bought them then operated and got the profit from them.In addition, a magic formula of financial management standards was guided to set in all hotel departments by Hilton in order to reducing costs as well as increasing profits when guest services are remained and enhanced. Moreover, after the initiation War I, Conrad Hilton was always seeking new opportunities for his business. In 1919, when visiting the Texas township of Cisco, he quickly realized the oil fields and railroad travelers were t he new potential business. Thinking about the experience of operated familys hotels in New Mexico, he can make Mobley Hotel operation better so that he bought it instead of a local Cisco bank.His business seems very economic when his hotel averaged 300% occupancy and its profit can make him have nice money to buy the second hotels in Fort Worth scorn of the 1920 depression (the Melba, in October 1919). After that, he continued bought two others small Texas hotels. By the end of 1923, the hotels room operation in Texas was 530. During the stock market crash in 1929, as many other Americans hotel, Hilton hotels performed poorly and was going to bankruptcy, however, instead of declaring bankruptcy, he challenged his business again by making a financial agreement with the National Hotels Corporation.Once again, his business was imaging successful and money earned from that business allowed him to pay dark all his loans before. Strand (1951) supposes that the efficient Hilton magic f ormula management outline has kept the hotels profitable even with low occupancy. All of those evidences present Conrad Hilton entrepreneurship skills including doing things in different way, need for achievement, need for autonomy, self-belief, risk-taking and locus of control as mentioned in the theories review part above.Moreover, the most clear and convince evidence is that pull (1964) has considered Hilton as an international entrepreneur (Baird, 2004). By contrast, although it is though that he is also a leader, there are very limited references mentioned this aspect of him. From the resources have been found by the essay author, only Baird (2004) states that Hilton played a leadership role in support of an economic mean sand a philosophical approach to achieving world peace(Baird 2004, p. 3). As a result, he became not only a business leader but also a statesman with access to world leaders (Baird 2004, p. ).According to theories above, it can be said that he belongs to ass igned leader because he is not only a chairman in his hotel organization but also a statesman in American political system. However, combining with the process of getting successful in his life in which many his special traits have been presented, it could be said that he also has potential to become an emergent leader without any formal position. To be brief, it is clear that the brawl about leadership and entrepreneurship will never last among writers over years.Although those theories above are a small part of the giant knowledge about leadership and entrepreneurship and they are not really holistic, they still can be seen as the best core knowledge of these fields. Therefore, the evaluation of skills and ability about leadership and entrepreneurship of Conrad Hilton in hospitality and tourism industry based on these theories is acceptable. In the discussion above, it can be stated that Conrad Hilton is not only an entrepreneur but also a leader specially assigned leader. Howeve r, his entrepreneurship is out weight of leadership.

Education School Essay

Education is a topic that has been implemented on our generation more than ever before. However, it is not for the grades, degree or the income that preparation should be important to us. It is for the sake of learning and developing our character that statement should be leverd. When throng go to school, they receive education and thus plump ameliorate, however, these people must keep in mind that a major portion of the world receives no form of formal education. Due to their notifydid fortune, the educated people have responsibilities to the world.The first responsibility of an educated some one is to help educate others. This may come in the form of belief classes, tutoring, helping others or simply correcting errors. When we t from each one people we spread the value of education and sh ar skills that be essential for survival. Other people are able-bodied to think rationally and evolve into a self dependant mortal through the knowledge they attain. Once people are educated, they are able to prevent others from taking advantage of them or cheating them. with education, people are also able to usage the resources they own expeditiously and sparingly.Finally, education allows people from different nationalities and locations to communicate and work together in a beneficial harmony. The second responsibility of an educated person is to pack to advance to a better future. It is through evolution that we have perform more intellectual and learned. For this process to be beneficial and continuous, we must use it and upgrade it through our use. In the past, communication was a problematic process, straightaway we have e-mail accounts, cell phones, chat sites, video chat sites and messengers for flagrant communication.Presently, global warming and oil depletion are major complications. If we are able to advance and address this problem, we would be using our education beneficially. There would be less violence over oil and the future would be a less worrisome place if global warming was tackled. However, this is just one amongst the billions of changes we could make, all to take a shit a better future. The third responsibility of an educated person is to create or maintain stability and order in the world. through with(predicate) stability and order, the world becomes a much safer place where people share respect for each other and live in harmony. When on that point is order, people are insured of payments for their services. They are motivated to work-hard and use positive, alternatively of negative means to earn their income. Thus, through stability and order, ethics can also be implemented into people.Thus, the three main responsibilities of an educated person are to educate others, aim for a better future and create as well as maintain stability in the world. Through these goals, the world becomes a positive place and continues to flourish after each generation.

Musical is an art of arranging sounds Essay

Musical is an machination of arranging sounds in a p wileicular pattern to create a pleasant harmony to the ears of the listeners. merely kindred the industrial revolution took time to reach its interpret level, the two major embodiments of practice of medicineal theater in America were realized after a long time of progressive collapsement as (Riddle 2003) explains.American medicineal was firstly borrowed from the European States the American harmonyal pioneers built on it to develop theirs then later(prenominal) they completely detached from it came up with their witness incompatible zeal of presentation according to (Lubbock 1962).Musical japery was the first of the exactly two advanced medical specialtyal styles to be established in America. thus there followed the other which is the musical play and the two postulate been cherished widely in the twentieth and the twenty first centuries. There ar some(prenominal) legend musicians who played a key role in ma king American musical what it is today and have been covered by history. The changes that were met in the twentieth century in musical varied from the cultural, suffice to the form of delivering the musical.HISTORICAL exploitationMusic in America is an art that has a very long history in its development in form and content to the level it is now. The historians have established that it has taken hundreds of long time to develop from its primitive form to the now sophisticated forms. (Lubbock1962) traces music in America way back in the year 1735. He argues that this introduced music did not originate from America itself but from England.From those years on up to 1960,s the initial way of treating musicals underwent heavy(p) transformation and many pile came into impairment with music unlike in the past. As the year 1960 was dawning, Americans began to get savant ab bulge Musicals where they were in a position to define it and find out its relation backship with art according to (Gann 2000). Through continued development of vex in learning what music was, the people in addition became able to disturb it with culture. It is also worthy noting that the various phases through which the American music underwent include the transformation of the places of performance.The first pieces of music were only played in the urban centres but it slowly filtered into the rural as time went by. According to (Gann 2000), the music was taken from the urban to the rural setting in the year 1961 and from there onward it expanded and widely spread more into the interior like a bush fire. In 1980,s several individuals ventured into bettering the quality of the musical performed in the theatres which took the dimension created by the Americans more than that of Europeans.CULTURAL DEVELOPMENTThe culture of the people influences dandyly the type of music they compose, the type of dance they use to keep an eye on their songs and more so the kind of perception they have on th e present extension music. American musical has had a lot of influence on the way the Americans perceive their abilities and identify their characters according to (Knapp 2005). In the homogeneous vogue, the music the Americans borrowed from the Europeans took after the cultural practices of the natives of the country.Through the ages the American musicals saw a great transition in the way the Americans treated music in relation to their culture. It came a time when the stake holders in musicals began to present their cultures through the art of music especially holding cultural ceremonies where people got the opportunities to express their personalisedities as (Knapp 2005) confirms.The American musicians also were able to portray their culture through their manner of dressing during music play performances in the theatres. The twentieth century also was the year of making music as a source of earning personal living in addition to expressing the peoples beliefs and practices. ( Crawford 2000) confirms that the art of music took the dimension of commercial activity during its development during the twentieth century and a rapid growth as a business the common operation of the day.By watching a clip of the American produced musical, one was in a position to analyse the type of culture the performers upheld from the way the dressed, their make-ups, the regimen they eat and the dancing styles which were adopted during music development time.FORM DEVELOPMENTThe form in which music first entered America is not the same style of music we play in America today. A great transition has occurred in the music industry in terms of the several classes of music which have hit in the country. Lubbock (1962) asserts that the first type of music to be played in America was Flora and this had its source from England.In this twenty first century, this kind of music can only be referred to as a legend and you may find that the current generation is not aware of the former ex istence of such kind of music. In the twentieth century, the American natives set out to develop their own style of music which indeed they did in two phases.The first phase was characterized by a lot of emulation of the pre-existing opera style of England which was later advanced. This first move by the upcoming American musicians constituted what was called the comedy music. The second phase of American musical development was the freshly form of music which was not derived from the European form.According to (Lubbock 1962) it was the Showboat which established the campaign towards create American-produced music which came to be referred to as music play. Here the musicians could perform their own composed music in public. The music industry in the new form was since then continued by the other successors including Oklahoma and the others. Their establishments have since then not been out dated because music play and the foregoing styles are the only two ruling the American mus ic industry.

Christopher Columbus Hero or Villan

Aysha Imtiaz Should a man whose actions created a wave of race murder and killed thousands of innocent natives be considered a hero? Christopher capital of Ohio found the the Statess, simply today he takes mention for discovering a new world. innate Americans had been breathing in civilizations across North and S out(p)h America long onward capital of Ohio had discovered it. This journey has now ruined many of those cultivations as well as the citizens. With his expedition, he exposed countries to new disease and violence. His covetousness led him to deprive America of its natives and its resources.Thirdly, he also introduced native Australian Americans to slavery. These vile monstrosities should be added to capital of Ohios reputation, which shows him to be a villain in American history. Christopher Columbus had evil intentions from the start of his voyage when he promised to repay Ferdinand, Spanish sovereign and founder of Columbuss travels, with gold, spice, and other r esources. When he first arrived in what he apprehension was Asia, he quickly gathered the natives and introduced them to slavery. What he did was wrong and he shouldnt be noted.Firstly, with his expedition he exposed countries to new disease and violence. Christopher Columbus brought explorers who had disease. This caused the intrinsic Americans to get diseases as well. He was very violent and inured them in a cruel way. The poor Native Americans were trying to fortune their land and Columbus didnt want to share even though it wasnt his land. Whatever he did was wrong, and I feel ashamed that we celebrate a person who did nothing scarcely torture tidy sum. We should be grateful to the Native Americans for finding America and proving to be very good people un standardized Christopher Columbus.Secondly, Christopher Columbuss voraciousness led him to deprive America of its natives and resources. Columbus deprived the Native Americans of everything they had. He alsok away their land and their crops. The Native Americans showed everything they knew approximately their advice. But Christopher Columbus uses them and took away their land. He killed them and literally kicked them out of their land. The Native Americans tried to retrieve what was rightfully theirs solely Columbus had too much power. He was impossible to defeat.This left them no choice but to give away their land to Christopher Columbus. Thirdly, he also introduced slavery to the Native Americans. The Native Americans worked for nobody. But ever since Christopher Columbus came to their land they knew the feeling of on the job(p) with no pay. They were treated unfairly and were beaten up if they did their work incorrectly. The Native Americans had to go finished so much. They were punished unnecessarily and treated like humans. We all see Christopher Columbus as a hero but he is no one other than a villain.This information has taught me that Christopher Columbus was a horrible person people lik e him take credit for things they havent done. He brought disease and violence to the new land. Secondly, his greed left Native Americans with nothing. He even introduced slavery to them. In my eye Christopher is nothing but a villain, because jealousy, greed and envy wont get you very far in life, because youll always discontent and in a bad way(p) about yourself, your life and the people around you. If Columbus thought about that in 1492. Maybe the Native Americans wouldnt have gone through all that torture.

Responsibility for employees Essay

I and two early(a) individuals have agreed to start a bank line that exit tin management consulting go to nonprofit organizations. Because of the increased scrutiny on runions of commodes and those who act on behalf of organizations, we have determined that it would be essential to have our morals program developed before we start offering our services. A billet as a moral agent must prove that it has an stiff ethics program to protect employees, the corporation, and businesses that the comp some(prenominal) depart serve. It is in like manner tout ensemble important(predicate) to have an ethics program to support the ethical values of our corporation and to make it clear to employees what is askable behavior, and to make clear what policies and standards argon to be followed in our consulting connection. It has been proven that businesses who take these steps to prevent misconduct by making the code of ethics clear for their caller-out have had great success with n o reputation damage for a period of at least five course of studys for some (Ferrell, Fraedrich, & Ferrell, 2008). law of ethical motiveA Standards and Procedures business of employees to one another and including management and owners sh every last(predicate) be as follows only employees and personnel of MCS are required to observe the highest standards of personal, vocational, and business conduct. form with applicable laws and regulations is the minimum standard in fulfilling ethical duties and responsibilities. concern Consulting run endeavors to practice honesty, fairness, and fair play in all our dealings with one another, the public, the business community, stockholders, customers, and suppliers alike. This requires that we all take responsibility in ethical decision-making and recognize that all actions must reflect the highest ethical practices. Failure to follow the practices and policies of this Management Consulting service firm can result in discipline, up to and including termination. All personnel working for MCS depart be required to read these morals Guidelines and a signature of acknowledgement and consent to work under these terms is required. Responsibility to our Clients. Management Consulting Services ordain serve our clients with integrity, competence, and without bias.MCS will keep  mystical all client information and records of our clients engagements. MCS will use proprietary client information only with the clients permission. MCS will not surrender misuse of confidential client information by our firm or its consultants. MCS will not allow conflicts of interest, which supply a competitive assoil to a client through our use of confidential information or prop from another client who is a direct contention without that competitors authorization. MCS does not recruit employees of a client or hang them in getting economic consumption elsewhere except by tell permission and prior consultation with the client (D iMatteo & DiMatteo, 2001). Responsibility of Management. MCS will not engage in any consulting assignment unless we have a consultant who is qualified to perform it based on their expertise and competency. MCS will assist our fellow consultants in exploitation their qualities support them in practicing the Code of morals of this profession, and work together with our consultants in a constructive manner.Management Consulting Services will continue to keep our professionals educated by developing their knowledge, skills, and techniques through updated management consulting classes and seminars to remain experts in our professional consulting business. Prior to commencing the carrying into action of any consulting obligation, MCS will ensure that the objectives, range of work, proposal , the professional fees and pay arrangements have all been agreed upon with the client in writing. MCS will at present concede any influences on our objectivity to our clients and will offer to bear off from a consulting engagement when a conflict of interest or integrity may be impaired. MCS will document all reports submitted to clients. This will confirm continuity of understanding of the clients problems and the solutions that have been created for the client in order to have a reference when necessary.MCS will focusing healthy fees that are proportionate with the consulting services we provide, time that we spend, and equivalent to our expertise. MCS does not accept any commissions, fees, or compensation from other parties in connection with any recommendation to a client to purchase equipment, materials, or services as a result of our consulting engagement (Consulting, 2006). MCS will not advertise our services in an illusory or overstated manner or in any other way that may harm the integrity of the profession of management consulting. All clients of Management Consulting Services and all parties involved are required to read and sign an acknowledgement of t hese terms and conditions. B. Ethics pedagogy designEthics education programs are part of the necessary process if all companies. Ethics training programs when given at least p.a. will foster positive morale among employees and encourage employees to make castigate choices based on ethics training. Ethics training will also furnish guidelines for protection in liability. The perception of a business is quick determined by the ethics that company projects among its employees, the environment, and the community.If a company has a reputation of having integrity, employees as well as customers and colleagues will be super honored to be part of or associated with this business (Gordon, 2006). MCS will mandate online Ethics training to be taken each year for each employee and all other personnel. The MCS individual will be given 30 old age to complete the online training to be completed each year no later than 30 days after the date of consume, i.e. date of hire 06/10/2011, a p articular employee would have until 07/10 of every year after their employment date to take the yearly online ethics training and have their completion page signed and sent in to the HR Ethics Manager. The PC online training would encompass four specialized areas Enforcement of company rules.Ethical behavior regarding the environment in relation to company property and liability issues.C. Monitoring, Auditing, and report Ethics ViolationsThe Board of Directors would be in charge of the Code of Ethics for our company and subject to its rules and regulations. We three would be the commissioning and I am the Ethics manager and police officer. Any and all concerns should be passed in via the online program for anonymous purposes and be straight off handled by our committee. The employee and all personnel for our company may still contact the Ethics Officer personally if that is the more comfortable way to deliver the ethics concerns and perceived violations.The Ethics committee wo uld be responsible for developing and translation policies and procedures for ethics concerns. Quarterly department meetings for interpretation of ethics policies and procedures. Discuss concisely weaknesses with understanding of ethics policies and procedures and answer questions from employees regarding any of the policies or procedures. Explain the monitoring, auditing, and account process and again answer questions employees or personnel may have. Monitoring, Auditing, and Reporting of Misconduct.The Ethics officer would be solely responsible for monitoring the online describe by employees and personnel and take appropriate measures to resolve possible role player or misconduct as reported to involve private password with the acc utilise to avoid legal action if possible, and misunderstandings that occur due to drop of full understanding of the company ethics and procedures policies and standards of conduct. This online dust would be directly connected to the Ethics off icers inbox designed outside of netmail and strictly through the reporting system and not accessible by other personnel.Auditing would include the effectiveness of operations, the credibility of financial reporting, preventing, and examining for fraud, asset protection, and accordance to laws and regulations of state and Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations and compliance with Sarbanes Oxley Act. Reporting of misconduct can be done in two ways. An employee or personnel may turn it in through the computer online ethics guideline program anonymously or ask for a private meeting with the ethics officer to reveal the perceived misconduct and be protected without fear of retribution. All reports whether to the ethics officer or through the online anonymous reporting system would be strictly confidential and automatically protect the reporting individual. Rewards for pursual the ethics policies and procedures.Additional Paid Time Off at 1 day per year up to the first fo ur years. After the ordinal year of employment the paid time off will pass at 2 additional days per year. A plaque will be awarded to the employee voted on for employee of the year. The employee or personnel will also aim dining tickets made out to favorite restaurant for $30.Disciplines to include.First admonishment with defining issues, explaining the policies, and retraining. Second warning will include possible recess along with retraining and possible restitution by employee if necessary. Third could include termination or plea to Ethics committee for continuation of employment with demerit on pay scale and possible demotion. If legal legal proceeding develop from a violation then termination is absolute.D. Ethics Program Review and ImprovementThe ethics committee will determine on a yearly basis if improvements are needed in specific ethics areas and will discuss and implement updates in all areas pertinent. This will be done through review of online suggestions employee s and personnel have offered as part of their yearly online ethics training. An ethical checklist will be used to determine proper growth for the company regarding the ethics culture of our company and to determine needed changes for that growth (McNamara, 1992). Education of updates on a yearly basis in conformance with internal auditing standards to include the followingEthics Programs.IT governance.Fraud risk management.Technology based audits, due professional care. rampart from managing risk.Records retention.ReferencesConsulting, F. P. (2006). Our Code of Conduct. http//focalpointconsult.com/?category_name=our-code-of-conduct . DiMatteo,B. C., & DiMatteo, G. (2001, March 10). Code of Ethics. http//www.atlanticconsultants.com/about/code-of-ethics.htm . Ferrell, O., Fraedrich, J., & Ferrell, L. (2008). ontogeny an Effective Ethics Program/Implementing and Auditing Ethics Programs. In O. Ferrell, J. Fraedrich, & L. Ferrell, melody Ethics Ethical Decision Making and Cas es (pp. 4-85). Boston Houghton Mifflin Company. Gordon, A. (2006, April 6). Ethics procreation Programs For Employees. EzineArticles.com/3952220 McNamara, C. M. (1992). Complete Guide To Ethics Management. http//managementhelp.org/businessethics/ethics-guide.htmanchor41892 .

Drunk Driving

Persuasive Presentation Outline Example thrust While Intoxicated Topic Local San Marcos chore Organization Problem/Solution Specific Purpose I would like my audience to remember that an intoxicantic beverage education class should be taken before unitary can determine his/her license Introduction I. Attention Getter In the one-time(prenominal) decade, four times as many Americans suffer died in wino madcap accidents as killed in the Vietnam War (NHTSA, 2006). II. Relevance How close have you come to losing your bearing as a result of an alcoholic beverage-related accident? III.Credibility reject story about my boyfriend receiving phone call that his brother, Jeremy, had been killed in a drunk driving accident. IV. Propositional Statement Driving while intoxicated stiff a problem in the United States and in the city of San Marcos. Because boyish people do not be intimate enough about alcohol and its effects. I propose that a mandatory course in alcohol education be requi red before one can receive his/her drivers license. Body I. The first part of the problem is that we act to drive while under the influence of alcohol.A. Drinking and driving is a problem on a national level. 1. 16,189 people were killed in alcohol related accidents in 2005. This is one death every 32 legal proceeding (NHTSA, 2006). 2. Three in every five Americans will be voluminous in an alcohol-related crash at some time in his/her life (NHTSA, 2006). B. Drinking and driving is a problem on a topical anesthetic level. 1. San Marco police department reported 196 arrests in 2005 related to alcohol-related crimes. Of those arrests, 67 were driving while intoxicated. San Marcos patrol Department, 2005). 2. 50% increase from arrests made in 2000 (San Marcos Police Department, 2005). Transition Not only is drinking and driving a major(ip) problem, young people are often very uniformed of its effects.II. The bet on part of the problem is that young people do not know enough about alcohol and its dangerous effects and they received merge messages about alcohol. A. Young people lace an awareness of alcohols severe effects. 1. In 2004, 2. million teenagers did not know that a somebody could die from an alcohol overdose (Dunning, 2005). 2. Young people believe myths, not facts. (Dunning, 2005). B. Young people receive mixed messages about alcohol and its effects. 1. little than one in three parents of tenth grade students gave their children a cook no-use message about alcohol (MADD. 2004). 2. When parents bargain with youth, the youth are more likely to drive after drinking or be in a vehicle driven by someone who has been drinking (MADD

Dbq the Renaissance

The rebirth was primarily thought of as being a flow in which the revival of learning flourished, and the nontextual matters changed for the better and ideas became more focused smell on e dodgeh. It was a beat when bleak ideas of individualism, the thought of secularism and the interest in forgiving ideas jumpstarted a new and freer lifestyle for eeryone. The new ideas formed in the renaissance made abounding impact on the world them and ever since that it deserves to be c on the wholeed its own era. The chivalrous times was filled with ideas ground just around the church.As the Renaissance began, the arts developed into a freer and move creative society based on more Greek and Roman ideas. Finding the feudal and ecclesiastical belles-lettres and Gothic art of the Middle Ages uncongenial to their taste, they turned for inspiration to the refining of Roman and Greek antiquity. (Document 1) This figures how the mind of the Renaissance where done with all the ideas th at dominated the world throughout the Middle Ages. The Renaissance artists wanted art that showed sympathetic beauty where as in the Middle ages art was very knightly and based in holiness.Renaissance art is more lifelike than in the art of the Middle Ages, which was very blocky. They went to the Greek and Romans for all kinds of inspiration for example art. ground on the information given in Introduction to Classical, medieval and Renaissance Art the styles of the classic consummation and Renaissance and Classical Periods share umpteen a nonher(prenominal) similar Characteristics but almost nothing in common with the chivalric period. In the Middles Ages arts main purpose was to teach those about religion who could not read or write. As the Renaissance started the ideas moved to show the importance of people and nature.This is a lighten up shift that helped define the balance between the two period and it will help support many of the other reasons as well. Along with the arts learning increase exponential. maven of best ways to show an increase in learning is the come up of colleges in a country. Based on the facts given in record 8 it is clear to see the large increase of schools in the bill of the Renaissance. In the mid to late 15th century when the world was in the height of the Renaissance 31 new Universitys were founded compared to 10 in the 12-13 century in all of Europe besides Italy who entered the Renaissance early.This is clear fact proving that Europe was in a shift to a society not only based on the Church but in schools and learning. Leonardo da Vinci helped illustrate some of the ideas that where new and completely unhearable of before the Renaissance. In Document 6 he showed the get of human anatomy. This is new because in the Middle ages the study of human beings and things on our orbiter where very limited. Majority of learning was done in the Church with intercourse only to the Church. In 1596 Johannes Kepler the autho r the Document 7 made observations on orbits and geometrical considerations.Using science to prove ideas is new to the world and would be frowned upon by the church in medieval times. Art and Learning are two major agreements for the fact that the Renaissance was its own period and helped shape the world, as we know it. There was one point that applied to both art and learning that completely set the Renaissance apart from the medieval times. Which was the study of secularism. it is in the true order that mortal men should first handle for mortal things W. H, Draper (document 4) What he is adduceing played apart in all major parts that have been mentioned.For example art the Renaissance was cognise for its painting and sculpture with interest in nature and real people going real tasks. This is very different from the medieval times where it was based on the church and what they wanted to show. Also in the learning of the period ideas of Human Anatomy started to emerge as well as geometry and orbits (documents 6/7). With the Renaissance coming back to the real world it marked a change in history. All aspects of life have changed thanks to the ideas that started in this time period.As well as some of the greatest artist and philosophers to ever live. The ideas that came out in the Renaissance where Cleary enough to call its own period in time. The revival of learning flourished, the arts and ideas became more focused life on earth. Though exact start and end dates are not clear everyone should be able to comprehend the importance of this Renaissance and say that it the information provided is enough to prove that The Renaissance period has a sharpen in history which is completely different then the Medieval times.

Causes And Impacts Of Global Climate Change Environmental Sciences Essay

This paper investigates the causes and effects of mercurial mood revise. The retail store of mood regeneration has become peachy known in most societies. Still, a fragment of the reality s population still refuses to deliberate in the rise of the temperature of the basis s surface or that worlds be the cause of it. Scientists in all more or less the universe contract come to h centenarian that mood alteration is in particular go oning and pull up stakes go on to worsen if stairss ar non interpreted in the close hereafter. In this piece, the chief causes for clime alteration and the impacts of clime alteration on the terra firma argon brought up. M both surveies have been conducted on this country, but this paper attempts to convey farther information on the issue of temper alteration.IntroductionIn this twenty-four hours and age, clime alteration has become a great issue that scientists all around the universe have come to harmonize due to countless scientific curtilage on the effects of clime alteration. Climate alteration is basically the addendum of the average temperature of the surface of the populace. Scientists be get downing to take this issue earnestly as the Earth s temperature has risen signifi behindtly in recent old ages on history of clime alteration. If action is non taken fleetly and efficaciously, it will abruptly be excessively late for us to salvage the Earth from a clime calamity. Though a portion of the planetary population are still non certain of this issue or are in defense lawyers and garbage to believe it is go oning, the of all time turning impacts of clime alteration are forces to be reckoned with.Climate alteration has been traveling on for a long clip now. Still, most of the indian lodge every go good as some authoritiess have taken no travel whatsoever to keep in line this planetary job. This may be because people and authoritiess are non yet alarm to the effects of clime alteration. The fact t hat people are unmindful to this issue must be changed. Scientists play a major(ip) function here as the work done by scientists buns turn out clime alteration and further more provide grounds to back up clime alteration. Governments that consult scientists before doing determinations that affect the environment, and not ice rink the suggestions and recommendations by scientists that benefit the environment raft assist enormously to control clime alteration.In order to happen out the attacks and means to curtail down planetary clime alteration, authoritiess and the society must foremost arrogate the fact that clime alteration is mishap and cognize that the state of personal business will non notwithstanding non better, but deteriorate without every one of our aid. subsequently accepting the state of affairs, the following measure would be to be cognizant of the causes of clime alteration so we can bar them. To make this, scientists have conducted more look intoes on diff erent facets of clime alteration.Causes of Climate ChangeSome people believe that scientists are still divided on the affair of clime alteration. A little portion of society still holds on to the belief that clime alteration is non to the full proven or agreed upon by scientists. However, the declining nation of the Earth is going proof plenty that something worlds are making is doing the Earth s temperature to lift. Scientists have dis pinnacleed that clime alteration is due to many grounds. Of them all, expelling of nursery gases emerged as a great subscriber to planetary clime alteration. Greenhouse gases are a type of gases that are shiftd and take up in the atm. These gases when released in extra become highly harmful towards the Earth and contribute significantly to the lifting temperatures and in short, climate alteration.Harmful nursery gases embroil C dioxide, azotic oxide, methane, chlorofluorocarbon and many more. These gases are emitted both from graphic beginnings and human activity. Carbon dioxide is released in many human activities. The most burning(prenominal) release of C dioxide is from the really native structure of worlds because people release C dioxide into the air through external respiration. Nonetheless, in the C rhythm, C dioxide which is released from worlds is retrieved by workss to carry on photosynthesis. Then, workss excrete O to be utilise in human respiration. Through this rhythm, the sum of C dioxide in the ambiance is kept at a safe degree.Sadly, deforestation has cause a huge figure of trees to be removed from our land. Large subdivisions of the surface of the Earth that used to be covered by trees have now become muscae volitantes of bald land for building of edifices and roads. This means that the C dioxide released by worlds are now rolling free in the ambiance as it has no other to put to travel to.In add-on to deforestation doing the addition of C dioxide in the ambiance, many other factors contribute in th e emanation of this destructive gas. Of these are the combustion of fossil fuels, emanation from production mills, and many other industries. Fossil fuels such as natural gas and coal are burned to bring forth electricity, which powers places, commercial edifices and mills likewise. This makes it grueling for authoritiess to command the burning of fossil fuels due to the sheer importance of the feat of these substructures. as well as C dioxide, another unsafe gas is methane. Methane is an abundant organic compound because it chiefly comes from farm animal such as cowss and sheep. Methane is released into the ambiance from the elimination of cowss, sheep and certain other farm animal. This nursery gas is in some ship canal more harmful than C dioxide because it traps incite and prevents heat from get awaying out of the Earth s ambiance ( Hunter, 2008 ) . Furthermore, it is hard to separatrix down the emanation of methane from farm animal when it is obvious that we can non halt c owss and sheep from elimination.chlorofluorocarbon is likewise a nursery gas that is doing climate alteration. Chlorofluorocarbon is emitted by many semisynthetic contraptions. Out of the many are from air-conditioners and iceboxs. Fortunately, this can be changed if people would cut down the emanation of CFC merely by non turning on air-conditioners during yearss that are non excessively warm and non maintaining iceboxs unmortgaged for excessively long so as to forestall extra CFC from get awaying from the icebox.Impacts of Climate ChangeClimate alteration has impacted the Earth and Mother spirit in uncount competent and even irreversible ways. Based on a research by Maracchi and Baldi ( 2006 ) , the writers concluded that clime alteration has resulted in higher f number limit planetary temperatures, higher minimal temperatures, increase drouth hazard and increased tropical storm strength. This overall means that the yearss are acquiring hotter in some countries, and colder in others. Climate alteration has caused hurricanes and other natural catastrophes to scorn over the past few old ages. In some topographical points, the conditions has besides been bear on and showed alterations that had neer been exhibited before.From another angle, clime alteration has affected and will impact the wellness of the human population. In some countries of the universe, proceeds output has become scarce due to the germinating clime and human nourishment may endure from this. Research by Lloyd, Kovats, and Chalabi ( 2011 ) showed that even after pickings into history the fast turning economic system of the universe, clime alteration is still likely to weaken future attempts to cut down fry malnutrition.In the context of human version and moderation of the effects of clime alteration, research workers have conducted surveies to research whether or non people would pattern wilful extenuation and how they would accommodate to climate alteration. Semenza, Ploubidis and George ( 2011 ) stated that motive for voluntary extenuation is largely bloodsucking on sensed susceptibleness to menaces and badness of clime alteration or clime variableness impacts, whereas version is mostly dependent on the handiness of information relevant to climate alteration .In a separate survey, research workers investigated the wellness impacts of clime alteration in population exercises, and examined the wellness deductions of three types of motions likely to be induced by clime alteration. These are physical supplanting by clime impacts, motion strategies, and migration as an adaptative response ( McMichael, Barnett, &038 A McMichael, 2012 ) . The research workers found that if climate alteration continues on its current class, so it is likely that there will be an addition in the Numberss of people migrating over the coming old ages and wellness hazards will outweigh wellness benefits.On a more scientific note, clime alteration has had its effects on mass motion in locoweed environments. By mass motion, Stoffel and Huggel ( 2012 ) referred to motion on mountain countries such as shallow landslides, dust flows, stone incline failures, and ice avalanches. In this survey, the writers found that the effects of altering mean and utmost temperature and hurry are likely to be widespread and to act upon both the happening and the magnitude of future mass motions in mountain parts around the Earth .DiscussionIn my sentiment, the issue of climate alteration can no daylong be solved. If the hole in our Earth s ozone bed is any index, the harm that has been inflicted on this planet is largely irreversible. Nevertheless, authoritiess and people of the society can still take stairss to try to decelerate down the effects of clime alteration. For one thing, authoritiess can get down by happening ways to cut down the emanation of harmful nursery gases. Governments can besides work to increase consciousness of clime alteration and promote the society t o take part in attempts to control the effects of clime alteration.Besides that, authoritiess all around the universe should work together to be able to to the full get the better of this job. More scientists should be hired in order to come up with more effectual ways to cover with clime alteration in the hereafter.DecisionClimate alteration is so traveling to go on to impact our Earth negatively and will convey frequently enduring to the hereafter coevalss if no action is taken shortly. Climate alteration is non an issue that will merely melt off without the attempt of the solid human population. To salvage our planet, it is clip we all came Forth to play a function in its saving. Though we think we are merely one, it is all the 1s that make many and do an impact on the universe.

Environmental Influences Essay

A global ductile manufacturer, Riordan Manufacturing is on top among some others in the field of study of plastic injection molding, with annual projected earnings of $46 millions. As an industry leader, Riordan consume a labor force of 550 employees and have state-of-the artistry design capabilities that create innovative plastic designs which won an inter demesneal acclaim. With its submit capabilities, Riordan remains a strong and vibrant connection in the industry. Riordans plan to chip in up new line of merchandise in other country is not new as Riordan manufacturing has one in China. India is another(prenominal) country that has a strong authority for blood line to thrive.However, the union inevitably to consider clever moral philosophy issues that argon highly valued in that country. Of Course, India is a country with very sensitive culture especially in matter of religion. Which you identify the three most pertinent ethical motive issues approach by Riordan Ma nufacturing in conducting business in your selected country The most pertinent ethics issues Riordan manufacturing moldiness take into considerations in putting up business in India should be the following discrimination, predisposition to local customs and tradition, and sensitivity to the economical condition of the society.While Riordans primary interest is to view sugar, they certainly need a strong workforce to facilitate its operation. However, Riordan manufacturing essential address the ethics issues of discrimination confronting the employee-employer relationship in relation to employment. The ethics issues involve in hiring employees lies on how the management treats their employees, which according to Crane and Matten (2007) faeces serve as a moral hazard to employees.The situation of the Indian economy is potential breeding ground for discrimination as the brass allows the hiring of employees on contractual basis. Davenport, Crotty, and Torres cited that Indian Law starts from the common law stick in that an employer has a right to terminate the operate of an employee without giving a reason. Riordan Manufacturing do-nothing easily fall into temptation to exploit this law to serve its accept interest at the expense of the contractual employees.Although it might be allowed by law, terminating employees merely on the ground of fixed contact terms allows the family to select the kind of employees they desired. This is discrimination because in effect, they are ejecting employees they do not like in favor of others whom they desired. Crane and Matten verbalise that discrimination in essence is a violation of Rawls Theory of Justice, that social and economic inequalities are to be arranged so that they are attached to the offices and positions open to all under conditions of fair equality of opportunity (p.273). The next ethics issues faced by Riordan Manufacturing in conducting business in India are the sensitivity to local customs and t radition. India is known for its religious culture of regarding life as sacred whether human or animal life. Indeed, for Hindus, cows are sacred. blow to approve local customs and tradition proved to be disastrous. This is intelligibly seen in the case of Disneyland in Paris whose initial failure was doomed for Disneys lack of sufficient awareness of the local cultures.Riordan Manufacturing thus must be aware of Indias local customs and traditions in society not to repeat the same mistake that caused Disney Company hundreds of millions of dollars in losses during the initial years of Disneyland in Paris. Since the familiaritys products are plastic beverage containers, it assumes no direct connection to what the Hindus regarded as sacred, however, Riordan manufacturing must be able to draw a clear concept reflecting the smart sets fair dealing and high regard for ethical issues.Finally, Riordan Manufacturing must be able to demonstrate sensitivity to economic condition of th e community. The company must contribute to the local governments effort of community instruction by first of all providing employment opportunities to local residents, paying essential taxes and other required fees to the local government, and avoid any express proceedings via under the table arrangements. Riordan market should alike able to recognize its office not only as profit oriented company, but also a business organization responsible to both its shareholders stakeholders.That is, the company must care for the environmental and ethnical touch on of its business operation. How do these ethics issues impact Riordan Manufacturings selling efforts Negatively, the lesson that was learned by Disney Company during the initial years of its operation in Paris is the answer how these ethics issues locoweed impact Riordan manufacturings selling efforts. Failure to consider these ethics issues leave alone certainly lead to serious losses as it result displace the domestic markets behavior in view of thoughtless patronage of Riordans product.As Chryssides and Kaler (1993) pointed out, Riordan Marketing must recognize that business is not just a matter of economic exchange of money, commodities, and profits it involves human interactions, is basic to human society, and is intertwined with the political, social, legal, and cultural life of society (p. 37). Riordan Marketings failure to settle the ethics issues as cited above could poorly damage the marketing of the product and might even up come to worse if a c adenylic acidaign to boycott the product will be spearheaded by any radical organization.India, being second most populous nation on earth and is a fast industrializing economy can be a huge market for Riordan Marketing promising a potential profits for the company. Positively however, the ethics issues discussed above can provide Riordan a positive image and insure domestic patronage if those ethics issues are observed by the company. The et hics issues properly addressed can take down the negative impact of marketing, and it will also enhance the consumer well-being.Vilcox and Mohan (2007) aptly stated that ethics issues can increase its positive impact by providing consumers with goods and services that can enhance their overall quality of life (p. 50). The impact therefore of those ethics issues can be achieved by the company through creating a positive company image based on cultural awareness, respect and incorporating the customs and tradition to the companys business dodging. If Riordan Manufacturing also cute to consider marketing to a broader region that included your selected country (e. g., Europe, Asia), what impact would this have on their marketing strategy? The impact Riordan Manufacturings marketing to a broader region is dependent of the companys overall image. found on the companys history and current business performances, Riordan Manufacturing enjoys a very highly organized and well secure busine ss transaction. They have no bad previous records in terms of their internal operation. The companys human resource has an excellent policy with regard to employee-employer relationships and in terms of benefits the company provides its employees.The companys ethical reputation of the company will certainly have good impact on their regional marketing strategy. Indeed, Riordan Manufacturings marketing strategy is ethical marketing. In a paper entitled PR Campaign Final Paper of the University of phoenix Public Relation dated 2007, the paper stated that Riordan Manufacturing is focused on creating an organization that recognize the individual employees importance to the company. According to the paper, the Riordan Manufacturing is solidification on creating a socially responsible company to the community which is the stakeholder in this case.Furthermore, the company is doing its best to inform the public that although their products may not forever be environmentally friendly, the y are completely conscious of the public concerns (PR Campaign). Thus, even if Riordan Marketing will consider marketing to a broader region that includes India, it will not have negative impact on their marketing strategy especially in India because they have not violated any cultural issues or the local customs and tradition of the host country.Rather, addressing ethics issues much(prenominal) as those discussed above will always yield potential gains for the company. Considering that Riordan Manufacturings marketing strategy is it self ethical marketing, it means they are on the right track as ethics deals with what is good for the majority. The impact of these ethics issues is that it will enhance the companys public relations that will surely have an immense impact on Riordan Manufacturings marketing strategy.The point therefore is clear, Riordan Manufacturings success in creating a company that is highly anchored on ethical principles and values will help them stipulate its course of success both in the broader region and in a particular country like India. In the meantime, Riordan Manufacturing is on its way of transforming itself towards a company that cares on every spheres of their operation ethically. They are a company that acknowledges responsibility on all their stakeholders beginning from their own employees, the organization, the community, and the country where it operates. acknowledgement ListCrane, A. & Matten, D. (2007) Business Ethics USA University Press Chryssides, G. D. & Kaler, J. H. (1993) An Introduction to Business Ethics UK Cengage Learning EMEA Davenport, G. , Crotty, M. , Torres, P. (2000) Termination of Employment run Switzerland I LO Pr Campaign Final Paper January 29, 2007 http//www. oppapers. com/essays/Pr-Campaign-Final-Paper/119681 Vilcox, M. W. & Mohan, T. (2007) contemporaneous Issues in Business Ethics New York Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Peer Violence Essay

Peer violence/ yell is something that takes place in the everyday life of some people and their families. Peer violence/abuse is when a person undergoes improper or unfair physical or verbal maltreatment, injury, sexual assault, violation, un adept practices, wrongful practice or custom, offense, and crime. in that location atomic number 18 many different types of peer violence such as verbal, physical, cyber bullying, and social alienation. As you continue to read you will better register the effect, consequences (in school and out of school), and examples of peer violence.Youth violence has played a big part of everyday life for some jejuneness violence includes bullying, punching, slapping, verbal abuse and using weapons, towards another. These violent acts are a mental disorder to peoples lively-hoods and to the learning process. The most serious effect that youth violence has on people is death and injury most students are victims of homicides in the schools and suicides at home. Most of these deaths occur forrader, after, or during lunchtime. Other victims rotter be examples of nonfatal injuries like cuts, broken b hotshots, bruises and even gunshot wounds. more or less can even have a long-term effect on a person emotionally/mentally, a person can misplace depression, fear other people, anxiety and even post-traumatic stress which does not just effect the person but it also effects the persons immediate family and oddment friends.Peer violence can affect the way a claw lives and their lives, they will feel shame for being a victim and wont tell anybody whats going on and could be dismayed that the problem might escalate if they do tell a trust adult. In recent news, in Southern Las Vegas two brothers were sentenced to jail and punitive facilities for the bullying of a disabled boy who attended their school.The boys had one of their friends record the attacking of the boy and posted it on YouTube. One of the boys was sentenced to 12 month s of probation and 40 hours of community service while the other was sentenced to serve time at Spring commode Youth Camp with supervision until released. Consequences are one of the things many people do not think about before they began bullying each other or began attacking one another. In most schools a punishment is 3 to 6 days of fracture and even a court date with the victim. In Las Vegas depending on your come along you can get anything from probation to 30 days in a new correction center or a correctional center such as boys town or Spring Mountain Youth Camp.http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbine_High_School_massacreMedicationhttp//www.modernmom.com/article/the-effects-of-school-violence-on-victims http//www.modernmom.com/article/the-effects-of-school-violence-on-victims

Hamlet Theme Analysis Essay

In William Shakespeares tragedy hamlet, the title characters system of logical soliloquies, and e rattlingplace saying of situations inhibit his abilities to act on his passions. Its safe to swan that village was a logical and reasonable person right from the start. In the society he was raised in most(prenominal) actions carried out by means of passion were considered taboo. Take jealousy, lust and vengeance for example in the converge solely of these passions are put into satisfying action by the mess surrounding small town. Every cardinal that village shambles a move based on emotion Claudius polish offed his brother for his crown, Gertrude right away married Claudius, and Laertes takes revenge on juncture. The prince, instead, takes the path of thought and only allows him ego to do what he give ways himself believe is the most logical.In the beginning critical point is distressed. He feels no compassion for his bracing step pose considering him a little more than kin and less than kind (I.ii.67), as Claudius is non a replacement for his flummox and settlement refuses to accept that. He most definitely does non stand for Claudius referring to him as son.His relationship with his breed isnt any better. Hamlet feels a strong resentment toward this totally marriage business and expresses his displeasure through riddles in court. Ay, madam, he says cavalierly toward his spawns insistence that he stop mourning and that destruction is a common occurrence, it is common (I.ii 76). In Hamlets look she has betrayed his father by marrying so soon, in fact by re-marrying at all especially to Claudius, the kings brother.Claudius attempts to wangle it look homogeneous everyone is friends in the eyes of the court by trying to sympathize with Hamlet only if ends up just revealing him to suck it up and chain reactor with his fathers destruction alike a man. Take it to breast? Fie tis a pick to heaven/A fault against the dead, a fault t o nature (I.ii 104). Hamlets mourning is not natural to his family some(prenominal) as their marriage is not natural to him. So when his new atomic number 91 dearest refuses to let him out of the country to go back to nurture Hamlet feels even more out of place be driving now, he jakest escape.In every soliloquy we hear from Hamlet at that place is talk of suicide. The most obvious of all, to be or not to be, that is the head word (III.i.63) Or earlier acknowledgement of self harm after the enthronisation of the new king. Or that the Everlasting had not fixd/His commandment gainst self-slaughter (I.ii.134).However, Hamlet is a logical guy and he knows suicide would cause a big mess and besides, in the commencement exercise soliloquy it is observable that Hamlet would rather be anywhere but Denmark, even the leaden but he finds there are better things to be fustian about like his begins remarriage. O God a beast that wants dis crease of reason/Would have mournd weeklon gmarried with my uncle,/My fathers brother, but no more like my father/Than I to Hercules (I.ii.154). Hamlet canistert find a single good thing to come out of this union and his assessment of his engender has been flipped onto its head. So he deals with an internal conflict But break, my heart, for I must hold my tongue(I.ii.162), he cant merely go well-nigh telling everyone that his mother is a whore. Shes the fay and he the prince, it would be more trouble than its worth to go about making accusations especially since Claudius made it clear that he was eldritch for mourning for so long. So, onward goes Hamlets little self/Claudius loathing party.Hamlets trusted friend Horatio tells him some very interesting news. Horatio tells Hamlet that his fathers ghost had been spotted in the courtyards and that it wouldnt resolve to anyone no matter what. Horatio believes that our young prince must cipher what this ghost has to offer. Hamlet is excited to say the least when the ghost appears That I will speak to thee. Ill call thee Hamlet,/King, father, royal Dane. O answer me(I.iv. 47). He follows the ghost and the ghost tells Hamlet that he was murdered by Claudius and that Hamlet must avenge him. He isnt sure what to make of this ghost at first, how can Hamlet be absolutely exacting the ghost isnt lying or tricking him? After all, murder is a big order, he cant dive head first into that pool of accusations without verification.Hamlet decides he will act mad so to not draw attention to his plans to kill Claudius. This works for a while, no one suspects he knows of Claudius deed, not even Claudius himself. He definitely wouldnt suspect the prince to come into his chambers and catch him while praying which is exactly what happens. Hamlet is given his prey on a silver platter and decides against it. presently might I do it pat, now he is prayingand now Ill dot. And so he goes to heaven (III.iii.76).A reasonable report as to why Hamlet didnt kill Claudius is be cause he was scared. He was afraid to act on his passions thus, his mind gave him a reason not to do it if he killed Claudius while the man repented, his soul would be unfailingly sent to heaven. However, this is not the case That cannot be since I am close up possessd/of those effects for which I did the murder(III.iii.55). Claudius does not regret his decision, nor would he leave what he had gained through murder even for heaven. This skepticism revealed that Hamlet does not kill Claudius in the most logical and perfective tense time to do so because his passions had muddied his ability to think clearly. And so he continues with his mad facade.Everyone has noticed the princes new attitude and his mother grows worried for his sanity. Hamlet, thou hast thy father a good deal offended (III.iv.9) If there is anything buggy Hamlet has latched onto as a vehicle upon which to launch his insanity, it is any mention of his late father. Especially mention that he has somehow failed his father. The queen claims that Hamlets behavior has upset his father and shamed the family. But quick and clever Hamlet alone quips Mother you have my father much offended(III.iv.10).Gertrude is appalled by her sons behavior and wants him to stop, but bringing up the late King Hamlet wasnt the trounce way to go around that. As Ive said, Hamlet is use any mention of his fathers death to flip the tables around and around and drive any serious conversation off course with puns and quips of his mothers hasty remarriage. Come, come, you answer with an idle tongue (III.iv.11). Go, go you question with a wicked tongue (III.iv.12).At one consign during the conversation between mother and son it is hard to determine where Hamlets insanity begins and his act of madness ends. We are given, throughout the totality of the play, one single act of passion from Hamlet that was done to simply give a larger voice to his slip on sanity. His murder of Polonius. He feels no remorse for the act, alt hough he believed it to be Claudius and states after his mothers cries A bloody deed. Almost as bad, good mother/as kill a king and marry with his brother (III.iv.31). He continues Peace sit you down/and let me wring your heartfor so I shall,/if it be made of penetrable stuff(III.iv.38). Hamlet doesnt feel sorry for his mother either. He could care less if she was harebrained by her sons murder of Polonius, he was going to tell her that he was right and she was wrong and sinful and disgusting, because it fit with the appearance Hamlet was trying to portray.Hamlet allowed this one, small, passionate outburst for the potential sake of avenging his father but even smart, logical Hamlet couldnt have predicted the consequences of this one act of passion because he didnt give himself the time to think it over. He never would have thought that their fathers death would lead poor Ophelia to madness or that Laertes would be so spited by it, or that it would get around that Hamlet himself ha d committed the murder.But all of these things do happen and they happen because of Hamlets one arcminute of passion. The prince discovers why acting passionately is a bad thing for him hes just not good at it. He cant judge when to, the whole could kill him now but Im not going to even if itd be so freaking easy, thing with Claudius and the Im gonna stab the curtain and see what happens, significance when he murdered Polonius.After Polonius murder and the discovery by Laertes that his babe is beyond mental, Claudius approaches the boy and tells him he can help avenge his fathers death. Laertes listens and latches to Claudius every word And where the offence is let the great axe fall./I pray you go with me (IV.v.234).The end of act four introduces a bit of a mess. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern were sent with Hamlet to see him killed in England, however, Hamlet is on his way back to Elsinore and Claudius is none too pleased. However, he quickly turns this information into a plan he can work with. He has Laertes swear allegiance to him will you be ruled by me? (IV.vii.63) and recruits the young man into the lets kill Hamlet club.Thus, Hamlet finds himself in an unfortunate pickle. He had planned to kill Claudius and Laertes and they had planned to kill him, but Laertes acted sooner. Laertes let his passions guide his sword through Hamlets catgut and Hamlet let logic lead him to the moment of his death logic led by the very vengeance he had sworn for the author king. A passionate vengeance called upon to give Laertes strength to murder the prince.Hamlets ability to look at a situation and make a logical, well- thought out choice made him a potently intelligent character. However his inability to act on passions or make a decisive decision drew him closer to death in every page. Had Hamlet acted on his earlier plans and ideas, he may not be dead.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Government Hospital and Free Health Care

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Government and Privat Hospital and bump Health Cargon Essay both authorities go outs service for their citizens. One of the keyst adept beas governments focus their at ten dollar billtion on is humankind wellness care. Citizens go the benefit of receiving idle wellness care work whenever they expect it. Yet, everything that is provided for kick has its drawbacks.There are prejudices as well as advantages associated with unacquainted(p) health care serve provided by governments for their citizens. Firstly, with the foretaste of forfeit health services, there is a gritty likelihood of pitiable prime(a) of services. According to the Ministry of Healths strategic design 2011-2015, Fiji has one of the lowest good health expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic merchandise (GDP) when compared to other Pacific Island countries. As a result of a lack of finances, it scum bag be expected that health services and products may not be of high spirit. Moreover, cheaper and less effective medication may be given in mooring of quality and effective drugs. It should not be expected that citizens conduct the best quality of health services due to the modified budget and expenditure of the ministry.Another disadvantage of necessitous health care is the shortf completely of furbish ups and nurses. The pastor of Health (Fiji), Dr Neil Sharma said that deposit shortages were a common occurrence in every part of the world and Fiji was no exception (Malo 2011, p. 5). For instance, at Rakiraki Hospital one doctor looks afterward over ten thousand tribe and solitary(prenominal) third doctors supply for the twenty-nine thousand creation of Tavua (Malo 2011, p. 5). From this information it can be bring inn that the doctor to patient ratio is very low.Thirdly, acquit health care services leads to overcrowding in hospitals. With the availability of free medical services, citizens have the opportunity to mak e the most go for of the services provided to them and this in turn leads to overcrowding. It is an any too common site to see long queues and frustrated patients at the outpatient persona of major(ip) hospitals (Fiji Times Online 2008). Many people wait for hours before they are seen as the hospitals are just not great(p) enough to cater for them all. With the large creation ofFiji, it is not surprising that overcrowding occurs in hospitals. However, free health care services have many advantages as well. Governments spend a lot of time, money and resources in providing health care services and it is only after carefully examining the benefits that these services are provided. The advantages that go away be considered include benefit to all classes of people, the continual improvement of health care services and the reduction and find of disease eructations. every bit important to consider are the advantages of free health services.Free health services benefit all classes of people specially the poor and broken who cannot afford expensive treatments offered at private hospitals and those citizens who do not have health insurance. In Fiji, the healthcare system is mainly financed through habitual taxation (Ministry of Health Strategic Plan 2011-2015, p. 11). The revenue collected from taxation is establish on income levels and the ability of the individual to pay. Consequently, the poor families benefit greatly from this service as they get the most out of it. In addition, another advantage to consider is that the government continually improves its services.Citizens benefit greatly from the ameliorate health services governments provide. According to the Minister of Health, Dr Neil Sharma, the ministrys foremost objective is to lace first-string healthcare services in the country. The Permanent Secretary for Health, Dr Salanieta Saketa added that one major target for the ministry is to improve the delivery of primary healthcare services (Minist ry of Health one-year Corporate Plan 2011, pp. 3-4). The Fiji government overly spends a substantial amount on educating and training health professions (Panda 2003, p. 37). These are only a few of the many ship canal the government is improving the healthcare system. Finally, free health services help to push down and control disease outbreaks.Those individuals who are carriers of infected diseases are treated and cared for. For example, the Ministry of Health has sections dealings with HIV and AIDS, adolescent and reproductive health, unwritten health and non-communicable diseases to name a few. instruction is besides provided on these diseases and prevention. These services are very beneficial to the itizens and the nation as a whole as it bread the risk of spreading the illness to the sinless population. Free health services are indeed beneficial for the entire population. In conclusion, free health services provided by governments have its disadvantages and advantages . Although there are disadvantages to this service, in some ways, the advantages do outweigh the disadvantages. Governments do recognise the need for poor and needy families access to healthcare services and also know that in order to cater for their citizens needs, they must continually improve their health services.Governments also recognise the need to control or if possible eliminate the outbreak of infectious diseases in order to nurse the entire population. The government has done a great job in providing the citizens with healthcare services and this can be alter by allocating more finances to the health sector. With these in play, it is safe to say that the free health care services governments provide have great advantages for their citizens.

Holistic care approaches used in healthcare Essay

The objective of this duty assignment is to evaluate holistic contend approaches utilise in health carry on deep down the acute business concern background specific anyy relating to the role of Assistant Pr forgeitioners.holistic missionfulness takes into consideration an individuals psychological, sociological and amiable health postulate. utilise a holistic approach to care enhances the own for my long-sufferings and families (Erickson 2007). The Nursing and Midwifery Council (2010) defines holistic medicine as a constitution of comprehensive or total persevering care that considers the bodily, emotional, affable, economic and spiritual postulate of the soul, taking into consideration a individual as a whole. Over the ultimo few decades the focus of health check care has shifted from interposition of a disease and or injury to treatment of a patient (Henning, 2013).Holism has a long freshlys report derived from a Greek-indo -European root holos or hale, marrow whole, healthy, healing, holy and the act of affectionateness (Auyang,1999). The beginning publish literature in telling to holistic care was produced by Florence nightingale in her book Notes on Nursing, which draw the work of nurses as putting patients in the best condition for nature to act upon them (Nightingale, F 1969). However the impression of holistic scheme was first defined by polymath Jan alter in 1927, as the tendency in nature to form wholes that are great than the sum of the parts through inventive evolution (Smuts. 1927).Different theories on holism have been widely remain firmed and promoted in health care since the 1960s, when Florence Nightingale first determine the importance of treating patients individu each(prenominal)y, as opposed to altogether treating the illness (Dossey & deoxyadenosine monophosphate Keegan 2009). However this concept is bran-new in jot medicine, and has been derived from the new-fashioned conflict in Afghanistan. Th e Army b early(a)ation man come onment task force create best practice based on a holistic, multidisciplinary, integrative approach to care (Schoolmaker, 2009). The Nursing Midwifery council (2008) states that all nurses must practice in a holistic, non-judgemental, caring and sensitive manner.Throughout this assignment the name of patients, and family members have been substituted to comply with the Data breastplate Act (1998) in swan to justification their identities and ensure confidentiality is affirmed as per NHS polity (2012). Mr. T attended the Emergency subdivision (ED) after taking a poly-pharmaceutical o.d. and collapsing sustaining superficial lacerations to his arms and face. Mr. T was an unkempt gentleman of middle be on who was wearying soiled clothes and looked malnourished.Mr. T was cognise to have close to minor education difficulties and was a ordinary attendee to the ED, overdue to his long extensive history of alcoholic drinkic beverage an d illicit drug abuse. Regular attendees to the ED ofttimes suffer from alcohol and or substance misuse, where homeless and mixerly dis occupyd (Cherpitel C 1995). Little & adenine Watson (1996) found that frequent attendees to the ED where at risk of twist care, because they oft did non attach to medical advice or except support imparting in frustration amongst staff during busy times.Pirmohamed et.al. (2000) published figures stating that the majority of alcohol- related to ED patients are 1860 years of age, and about 20% of these involve a serious health problem due to long-term alcohol and drug misuse. Blenkiron et.al. (2000) identified that 15-25% of self-annihilations and deliberate self-harm is associated with drawn-out alcohol misuse, a battle Mr. T had been fighting against for several years. Mr. T had been employ stubnabis from a young age which studies have indicated an increased risk of self-harm and suicide attempts, (Beautrais, et.al 1999). Cannabis has also been well enter to contribute to psychiatric and depressive disorders (Andereasson, et al 2002) & international axerophtholere (Moore, et.al. 2007).Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) was a humanitarian psychologist who developed his theory, the pecking order of needs (1943) a louvre map model of motivational needs often depicted as a pyramid. The 5 stages are divided into Psychological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization. He believed that the lower levels of the pyramid have to be satisfied before a someone could move up. Each stage was advertize defined stating the lowest level was what e very(prenominal)(prenominal) human needed to survive much(prenominal) as nutrient, shelter, water, sex, air, clothing, to the top being the whirligig of each persons rough-and-readyness in life who is able to postdate inner talent, creativity and fulfillment (McLeod, 2007). At this point Mr. T was barley surgical process at the lowest level as he was unable to meet his ba se nutritional needs and lacked fervid unused clothing or shelter. Lack of food end affect a persons mood, behavior and brain function, (Pessoa, 2008). I provided Mr. T with food and clean warm clothing, in order to wait on with some of Mr. Ts sanctioned human-centered psychological needs, as advocated by Maslow (1943) alongside his medical treatment, demonstrating a comprehensive holistic approach to care.Rutledge (2011) another psychologist disagreed with Maslows theory and developed her own theory Maslow Rewired, stating none of these needs starting with basic natural selection on up, are possible without social connection and collaboration, and that mankind require community, get laid and the feeling of belonging before harvest-tide the ability to survive, although this is very much more(prenominal) associated with the 21st century. However substantive demonstration has accumulated over the past few decades depicting that social ties and social support are positive ly and casually related to mental health, physical health and longevity (Berkman, 1995). However Mr. T had no relatives other than his brother, who was estranged due to Mr. Ts extensive alcohol abuse. He was disengaged from services, refused social support and often did not adhere to medical advice.The tablets and quantities Mr. T had taken did not require any immediate treatment likewise the lacerations to his arms and face required minimal intervention, nonetheless Holistic nursing as advocated by Dossey & deoxyadenosine monophosphate Keegan (2009) treats the holy patient. Therefore as a holistic practitioner I investigated Mr. Ts Psychological issues through gentle discourse whilst a colleague dressed his wounds and administered medicine to reduce the effects of alcohol withdrawal, in that respectof assisting with Mr. Ts Physical effects which in turn will assist with his psychological needs. Alcohol is a drug with complex conductal effects that can be pleasurable when c onsumed in fasting but can be blistering when misused, (Swift, 1999).Mr. T was initially withdrawn and slow to discuss his mental health problems, notwithstanding through gentle questioning whilst parturiency basic tasks, a skill often used by nurses as indicted by Berg et al (2007). Mr. T started to light upon tuition in relation to his psychological behaviour. Whilst discussing much(prenominal) issues with Mr. T it is important to maintain good eye contact and engage in a moderate make sense of social ghost, as this is perceived by patients as a more empathic clinician (Montague 2013). A similar approach is advocated by, McCann & McKenna (1993) whilst Bamford Wade & Kimble (2013) promote forgiving sense of hearing in addition to touch when dealing with patients in crisis. Therefore it was inbred to speak slowly and use withdraw body and facial language to demo empathy and understanding to the patient. Throughout the discussion non-verbal listening skills are respectfully used. Egan (1994) offers the acronym SOLER, an approach used in counselling which stands for S turn on squareO Open postL Lean slightly precedentE philia contactR RelaxHowever according to Stickley (2011) the train of nursing and midwifery has introduced a new model to student nurses, the Acronym SURETY, which stands forS bait at an angleU open legsR RelaxE Eye contactT TouchY Your intuitionThis approach later adds in touch as advocated by McCann & McKenna (1993) along with your intuition. A nurses intuition is not a new concept and studies have been carried out since 1978, (Gerrity 1987) however it is a skill widely associated with experience (Hams 2000). Intuition has been ac knowledged by clinicians and scholars as a vital component of clinical judgment and decision making (Rew 2007). Mr. T responded well to this approach of communication.Carl Rogers (1961), another humanistic psychologist developed the theory Core conditions which is the b asic attitudes that councillors should display in order to show acceptance of the client and valuing them as a human being, and include Congruence, empathy and respect. Like Rutledges (2011) approach, Rogers (1959) believed everyone needs to feel loved, valued and absolute regard, to achieve Maslows findings that all humans aim to self-actualize and fulfill their potential (1961). During the judging it is essential to communicate strongly, minimise barriers much(prenominal) as using medical language in discussion as advocated by, Minardi & Riley (2007). Physicians frequently use medical oral communication during consultations leading to jargon that is potentially misconceive thus impairing hard-hitting communication (Blackman & Sahebjalal 2014)Good communication skills allow patients and relatives too to express their concerns and needs, subsequently building assertion between them and the healthcare professional, demonstrating a ii way circle of communication, identified as the most impressive method by Schramm (1954). The Johari Window is a model created by Luft & Ingham (1995) and used by healthcare professionals whilst communicating with patients, that encourages self-cognizantness and understanding of others, ensuring practitioners are aware of their own beliefs, principles, attitudes and strengths in order to serving their patients.There are some barriers to providing effective communication, as the ED is a very busy loud environment which can hinder effective communication and by chance result in communication fleece Woloshynowych et al (2007). However by exactly taking a patient or relative away from these areas and into a secretiveness room, communication barriers can be minimised.Mr. T responded well to the approaches used, and had not spoken of his feelings or depression for a long time. Mr. T explained that he had lived with his mother up to the age of twelve when she passed away following a lifetime of alcohol abuse a nd that this was the scarcely life he knew. Psychologist Albert Bandura believed children imitate behaviors witnessed as they grow up which was illustrated in the experiment The Bobo Doll, (McCleod 2007).Since becoming reliant on drugs and alcohol Mr. Ts mental state had significantly deteriorated thus aggravating his addiction and leading to unemployment and subsequently homelessness. payable to the fact Mr. T was disengaged from services and had no family support he was feeling increasingly isolated and unloved thus amplifying Rogers. C (1961) theory OF Core Conditions however Mr. T was reluctant to change. DiClemente & Prochaska (1998) developed the Transtheoretical dumbfound of Change which is primarily associated with addiction and the willingness to change. The five stages of this are 1. Precontemplation Unwillingness to change2. thoughtfulness Consideration of change3. Preparation perpetration to change4. Action modification of behaviour takes place5. Mainten ance lifelong avoidance of relapseMr. T was catamenialy at the precontemplation phase and unwilling to make changes to his current circumstances. Due to increasing gouge from NHS targets, Emergency practitioners have a very restrict amount of time to channelise such varied and extensive issues due to all patients needing to be transferred or discharged within four hours of arrival. As strong advocates of holistic practice the department strives to ensure all patients are treated holistically and provided with the relevant knowledge and support required to address and dole out their problems.Mr. T was referred to the mental health squad for further taskment of his psychological needs assisted with housing, and referred to the Alcohol and Drug wrong Team in order to address his addictions. These services work in both the interests of staff and patients providing support to patients with complex alcohol and drug dependence in order to reduce the number of attendances to the ED and supporter to reduce care lives. The home mooring published data relating to alcoholism which showed the cost to the NHS is in excess of 3.5 billion annually (Governments Alcohol Strategy 2012). Layard (2005) concurs with these statistics stating that kind Health is our biggest social problem.In end point a Holistic approach to care considers the physical, emotional, social, economic and spiritual needs of a patient taking in to reckon a person as a whole not only treating the physical and medical needs of a patient. It is evident that treating patients as a whole and not the presenting complaint alone is key to providing effective healthcare for the patient and can result in fewer admissions and reduce pressure on resources. The evidence provided in this assignment has shown that the emergency department uses all resources available, workings as a multi-disciplinary team to assess and treat patients with complex mental health needs and drug and alcohol dependencies slightly without passing judgement.Effective communication plays a vital part in effective treatment of a patient although there is potential for communication to be hindered. The communicatory approaches used proved favourable with Mr. T and enabled the practitioner to gain the relevant information required. The psychological approaches used with Mr. T proved effective and by treating Mr. T in a holistic manner contributed to the effective management of his care. Based on the question and evidence published holistic care significantly improves patient outcomes leading to greater patient satisfaction and contribute to step-down healthcare costs which will subsequently assist in providing a eternal sustainable national health service.