Holistic care approaches used in healthcare Essay

The objective of this duty assignment is to evaluate holistic contend approaches utilise in health carry on deep down the acute business concern background specific anyy relating to the role of Assistant Pr forgeitioners.holistic missionfulness takes into consideration an individuals psychological, sociological and amiable health postulate. utilise a holistic approach to care enhances the own for my long-sufferings and families (Erickson 2007). The Nursing and Midwifery Council (2010) defines holistic medicine as a constitution of comprehensive or total persevering care that considers the bodily, emotional, affable, economic and spiritual postulate of the soul, taking into consideration a individual as a whole. Over the ultimo few decades the focus of health check care has shifted from interposition of a disease and or injury to treatment of a patient (Henning, 2013).Holism has a long freshlys report derived from a Greek-indo -European root holos or hale, marrow whole, healthy, healing, holy and the act of affectionateness (Auyang,1999). The beginning publish literature in telling to holistic care was produced by Florence nightingale in her book Notes on Nursing, which draw the work of nurses as putting patients in the best condition for nature to act upon them (Nightingale, F 1969). However the impression of holistic scheme was first defined by polymath Jan alter in 1927, as the tendency in nature to form wholes that are great than the sum of the parts through inventive evolution (Smuts. 1927).Different theories on holism have been widely remain firmed and promoted in health care since the 1960s, when Florence Nightingale first determine the importance of treating patients individu each(prenominal)y, as opposed to altogether treating the illness (Dossey & deoxyadenosine monophosphate Keegan 2009). However this concept is bran-new in jot medicine, and has been derived from the new-fashioned conflict in Afghanistan. Th e Army b early(a)ation man come onment task force create best practice based on a holistic, multidisciplinary, integrative approach to care (Schoolmaker, 2009). The Nursing Midwifery council (2008) states that all nurses must practice in a holistic, non-judgemental, caring and sensitive manner.Throughout this assignment the name of patients, and family members have been substituted to comply with the Data breastplate Act (1998) in swan to justification their identities and ensure confidentiality is affirmed as per NHS polity (2012). Mr. T attended the Emergency subdivision (ED) after taking a poly-pharmaceutical o.d. and collapsing sustaining superficial lacerations to his arms and face. Mr. T was an unkempt gentleman of middle be on who was wearying soiled clothes and looked malnourished.Mr. T was cognise to have close to minor education difficulties and was a ordinary attendee to the ED, overdue to his long extensive history of alcoholic drinkic beverage an d illicit drug abuse. Regular attendees to the ED ofttimes suffer from alcohol and or substance misuse, where homeless and mixerly dis occupyd (Cherpitel C 1995). Little & adenine Watson (1996) found that frequent attendees to the ED where at risk of twist care, because they oft did non attach to medical advice or except support imparting in frustration amongst staff during busy times.Pirmohamed et.al. (2000) published figures stating that the majority of alcohol- related to ED patients are 1860 years of age, and about 20% of these involve a serious health problem due to long-term alcohol and drug misuse. Blenkiron et.al. (2000) identified that 15-25% of self-annihilations and deliberate self-harm is associated with drawn-out alcohol misuse, a battle Mr. T had been fighting against for several years. Mr. T had been employ stubnabis from a young age which studies have indicated an increased risk of self-harm and suicide attempts, (Beautrais, et.al 1999). Cannabis has also been well enter to contribute to psychiatric and depressive disorders (Andereasson, et al 2002) & international axerophtholere (Moore, et.al. 2007).Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) was a humanitarian psychologist who developed his theory, the pecking order of needs (1943) a louvre map model of motivational needs often depicted as a pyramid. The 5 stages are divided into Psychological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization. He believed that the lower levels of the pyramid have to be satisfied before a someone could move up. Each stage was advertize defined stating the lowest level was what e very(prenominal)(prenominal) human needed to survive much(prenominal) as nutrient, shelter, water, sex, air, clothing, to the top being the whirligig of each persons rough-and-readyness in life who is able to postdate inner talent, creativity and fulfillment (McLeod, 2007). At this point Mr. T was barley surgical process at the lowest level as he was unable to meet his ba se nutritional needs and lacked fervid unused clothing or shelter. Lack of food end affect a persons mood, behavior and brain function, (Pessoa, 2008). I provided Mr. T with food and clean warm clothing, in order to wait on with some of Mr. Ts sanctioned human-centered psychological needs, as advocated by Maslow (1943) alongside his medical treatment, demonstrating a comprehensive holistic approach to care.Rutledge (2011) another psychologist disagreed with Maslows theory and developed her own theory Maslow Rewired, stating none of these needs starting with basic natural selection on up, are possible without social connection and collaboration, and that mankind require community, get laid and the feeling of belonging before harvest-tide the ability to survive, although this is very much more(prenominal) associated with the 21st century. However substantive demonstration has accumulated over the past few decades depicting that social ties and social support are positive ly and casually related to mental health, physical health and longevity (Berkman, 1995). However Mr. T had no relatives other than his brother, who was estranged due to Mr. Ts extensive alcohol abuse. He was disengaged from services, refused social support and often did not adhere to medical advice.The tablets and quantities Mr. T had taken did not require any immediate treatment likewise the lacerations to his arms and face required minimal intervention, nonetheless Holistic nursing as advocated by Dossey & deoxyadenosine monophosphate Keegan (2009) treats the holy patient. Therefore as a holistic practitioner I investigated Mr. Ts Psychological issues through gentle discourse whilst a colleague dressed his wounds and administered medicine to reduce the effects of alcohol withdrawal, in that respectof assisting with Mr. Ts Physical effects which in turn will assist with his psychological needs. Alcohol is a drug with complex conductal effects that can be pleasurable when c onsumed in fasting but can be blistering when misused, (Swift, 1999).Mr. T was initially withdrawn and slow to discuss his mental health problems, notwithstanding through gentle questioning whilst parturiency basic tasks, a skill often used by nurses as indicted by Berg et al (2007). Mr. T started to light upon tuition in relation to his psychological behaviour. Whilst discussing much(prenominal) issues with Mr. T it is important to maintain good eye contact and engage in a moderate make sense of social ghost, as this is perceived by patients as a more empathic clinician (Montague 2013). A similar approach is advocated by, McCann & McKenna (1993) whilst Bamford Wade & Kimble (2013) promote forgiving sense of hearing in addition to touch when dealing with patients in crisis. Therefore it was inbred to speak slowly and use withdraw body and facial language to demo empathy and understanding to the patient. Throughout the discussion non-verbal listening skills are respectfully used. Egan (1994) offers the acronym SOLER, an approach used in counselling which stands for S turn on squareO Open postL Lean slightly precedentE philia contactR RelaxHowever according to Stickley (2011) the train of nursing and midwifery has introduced a new model to student nurses, the Acronym SURETY, which stands forS bait at an angleU open legsR RelaxE Eye contactT TouchY Your intuitionThis approach later adds in touch as advocated by McCann & McKenna (1993) along with your intuition. A nurses intuition is not a new concept and studies have been carried out since 1978, (Gerrity 1987) however it is a skill widely associated with experience (Hams 2000). Intuition has been ac knowledged by clinicians and scholars as a vital component of clinical judgment and decision making (Rew 2007). Mr. T responded well to this approach of communication.Carl Rogers (1961), another humanistic psychologist developed the theory Core conditions which is the b asic attitudes that councillors should display in order to show acceptance of the client and valuing them as a human being, and include Congruence, empathy and respect. Like Rutledges (2011) approach, Rogers (1959) believed everyone needs to feel loved, valued and absolute regard, to achieve Maslows findings that all humans aim to self-actualize and fulfill their potential (1961). During the judging it is essential to communicate strongly, minimise barriers much(prenominal) as using medical language in discussion as advocated by, Minardi & Riley (2007). Physicians frequently use medical oral communication during consultations leading to jargon that is potentially misconceive thus impairing hard-hitting communication (Blackman & Sahebjalal 2014)Good communication skills allow patients and relatives too to express their concerns and needs, subsequently building assertion between them and the healthcare professional, demonstrating a ii way circle of communication, identified as the most impressive method by Schramm (1954). The Johari Window is a model created by Luft & Ingham (1995) and used by healthcare professionals whilst communicating with patients, that encourages self-cognizantness and understanding of others, ensuring practitioners are aware of their own beliefs, principles, attitudes and strengths in order to serving their patients.There are some barriers to providing effective communication, as the ED is a very busy loud environment which can hinder effective communication and by chance result in communication fleece Woloshynowych et al (2007). However by exactly taking a patient or relative away from these areas and into a secretiveness room, communication barriers can be minimised.Mr. T responded well to the approaches used, and had not spoken of his feelings or depression for a long time. Mr. T explained that he had lived with his mother up to the age of twelve when she passed away following a lifetime of alcohol abuse a nd that this was the scarcely life he knew. Psychologist Albert Bandura believed children imitate behaviors witnessed as they grow up which was illustrated in the experiment The Bobo Doll, (McCleod 2007).Since becoming reliant on drugs and alcohol Mr. Ts mental state had significantly deteriorated thus aggravating his addiction and leading to unemployment and subsequently homelessness. payable to the fact Mr. T was disengaged from services and had no family support he was feeling increasingly isolated and unloved thus amplifying Rogers. C (1961) theory OF Core Conditions however Mr. T was reluctant to change. DiClemente & Prochaska (1998) developed the Transtheoretical dumbfound of Change which is primarily associated with addiction and the willingness to change. The five stages of this are 1. Precontemplation Unwillingness to change2. thoughtfulness Consideration of change3. Preparation perpetration to change4. Action modification of behaviour takes place5. Mainten ance lifelong avoidance of relapseMr. T was catamenialy at the precontemplation phase and unwilling to make changes to his current circumstances. Due to increasing gouge from NHS targets, Emergency practitioners have a very restrict amount of time to channelise such varied and extensive issues due to all patients needing to be transferred or discharged within four hours of arrival. As strong advocates of holistic practice the department strives to ensure all patients are treated holistically and provided with the relevant knowledge and support required to address and dole out their problems.Mr. T was referred to the mental health squad for further taskment of his psychological needs assisted with housing, and referred to the Alcohol and Drug wrong Team in order to address his addictions. These services work in both the interests of staff and patients providing support to patients with complex alcohol and drug dependence in order to reduce the number of attendances to the ED and supporter to reduce care lives. The home mooring published data relating to alcoholism which showed the cost to the NHS is in excess of 3.5 billion annually (Governments Alcohol Strategy 2012). Layard (2005) concurs with these statistics stating that kind Health is our biggest social problem.In end point a Holistic approach to care considers the physical, emotional, social, economic and spiritual needs of a patient taking in to reckon a person as a whole not only treating the physical and medical needs of a patient. It is evident that treating patients as a whole and not the presenting complaint alone is key to providing effective healthcare for the patient and can result in fewer admissions and reduce pressure on resources. The evidence provided in this assignment has shown that the emergency department uses all resources available, workings as a multi-disciplinary team to assess and treat patients with complex mental health needs and drug and alcohol dependencies slightly without passing judgement.Effective communication plays a vital part in effective treatment of a patient although there is potential for communication to be hindered. The communicatory approaches used proved favourable with Mr. T and enabled the practitioner to gain the relevant information required. The psychological approaches used with Mr. T proved effective and by treating Mr. T in a holistic manner contributed to the effective management of his care. Based on the question and evidence published holistic care significantly improves patient outcomes leading to greater patient satisfaction and contribute to step-down healthcare costs which will subsequently assist in providing a eternal sustainable national health service.